THE WORLD'S FIRST LADY

In August 1921, 39-year-old Franklin Roosevelt fell ill with polio and left his legs paralyzed. For this reason, his mother begins to demand that he step away from public work. But his wife, Eleonora, is adamantly opposed to this. With the support of his wife, Franklin begins to cope with the disease, but for the rest of his life he could get mobility only by using a stroller. Many years later, Eleonora recalled in her memoirs that "my husband's illness was forcing me to sleep absolutely on my own feet..." recalls. He remembers the winter of 1921-1922 as his "most difficult trial years of his life." It was then that Franklin Delano Roosevelt began to diligently engage in politics, and Eleonora also began to take an interest in politics. "It is every woman's duty to live by her husband's curiosity," she said. Always at the peak of his wife's attention, the flames of affection, Mrs. Roosevelt achieves a landslide victory in the 1932 U.S. presidential election over his rival, incumbent President H. Hoover, who failed to lead the country out of the economic crisis ("Great Depression"). A popular New York magazine devoted to this event, among other things, writes: "From this moment on, people kneel and praise Franklin D. Roosevelt for coming to the White House."

After all, America was in the midst of the Great Depression in those years, and it was important that the president had more information about how American citizens, especially those who remained unemployed and impoverished, lived. The President will develop a "New Direction Program", the main content of which is a new social and economic reform. But the program could not be implemented until the population believed that there had to be a change in their lives. That is why the president's wife began to go to mines, dilapidated huts, hospitals, orphanages, factories that her sick husband could not go. He used to talk to different categories of people, instructing them that life could not be improved without reform. In those years, a cartoon was published in a satirical magazine called The New Yorker, in which one of the miners working underground throws his kaylo on his back, raises a lamp higher and says to another: "Oh my God, there's Mrs. Roosevelt coming towards us." For the American aristocracy, traditionalists, racists, and conservatives of various classes could not forgive Eleanor's "commonality with such stubbornness." Seeing how American citizens live, Eleanor Roosevelt takes their sorrows and anxieties to heart, and soon becomes a popular advocate for the poor and the disadvantaged, blacks and women. She makes a huge contribution to her landlord's election as president of the United States four times. After her husband's death, she will continue the good work she started for her common happiness. In 1946, she was elected Chairman of the UN Commission on Human Rights, which was set up under the leadership of her husband and in which she took an active part. In this position, too, his work will be incredibly successful: he will organize the accession of 48 countries to the Declaration guaranteeing human rights, speak from the high rostrum of the UN and include in the Declaration that everyone has the right to receive education, medical assistance, employment and freely choose the religion of his choice. At the same time, the Declaration of Human Rights is not just on paper, it achieves its practical implementation in many places and devotes the rest of its life to this noble cause. Harry Truman, who succeeded Roosevelt as president, refers to Eleonora as "the first lady of the world" when he speaks of her accomplishments in the field of human rights. In 1999, Eleonora Roosevelt was named one of the ten most influential people of the 20th century by the Gallup Institute.

Below we quote a few of the wise sayings from Eleanor Roosevelt that have passed on to humanity as a precious legacy:• It is the duty of every woman to live by her husband's interest.• The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.• Without your consent, no one can force you to think that you are an unworthy person.• A person's character is shaped from childhood until the time of death.• A woman is like dry tea. You will never know how sharp it can be until it is soaked in boiling water.• You will find strength, courage and confidence in yourself from every life experience in which you are determined and able to face your own fears.• Great minds discuss ideas. Average minds discuss events. And superficial minds discuss people.• Yesterday is history, early it is a mystery, and today it is a gift of fate.• When you start to be interested in something in the real world, it will surely lead you to something else.• When you look fear in the eye, you gain strength, courage and confidence. You have to do things that seem impossible to do.• If life were predictable, it would lose its vitality and its flavor.• Too many people feel lonely because they are afraid of being hurt. With the illusion that others don't care about us, that they don't empathize with us, we are afraid to care about people.• I've always been willing to give evidence, justification, an explanation if I think what I've done is right, but I've never apologized.• You have to do a job that seems like panic to you every day.• No one can make you feel bad if you don't let it happen.• Life experience tells us It has been shown that there are always surprises happening.• Children always listen attentively to conversations that are not directed at them.• Whoever loses his money loses a lot; Whoever loses a friend loses even more; Whoever loses faith loses everything.• Do whatever pleases you. Because you will still be gossiped. You'll be beaten up for doing it, and you'll still be beaten up for not doing it.• If you knew that others would do what you did, you wouldn't have to worry about what they think of you.• A person who spends a long time getting up after waking up, and a person who spends a long time waking up after getting up, won't achieve anything.• Strength only when you can stare into the eyes of fear,  courage and self-confidence are achieved. It is necessary to do what you cannot see.• Happiness is not an end, but an accomplishment.• It is very important to be friends with yourself, because without it you cannot make friends with anyone in this world.• With a new day comes new strength and new thoughts.• If only a mother could wish the most beneficial attribute from an angel to her child,  That begging gift would be a longing for knowledge, an interest in the universe.• If someone has sold you, it's their fault; If they sold you out a second time, now you are to blame for it.• Discernment is a double act.• Those who know history, say, European history, agree with me, I think, that the superiority of a religion in education or public administration has never been more fortunate in any nation.• The behavior of a woman in an election campaign: never be late; be as little as possible for a man; Leaning on the backrest in the car so that everyone can see the president.• I'd rather light a candle than sit cursing the darkness.

Mansurkhan TOIROV,

Writers of Uzbekistanmember of the Association,

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences,

professor